How can you use your R&D tax relief?
For UK accounting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2024, most companies claim under the merged Research and Development Expenditure Credit (RDEC) regime, while qualifying loss-making R&D-intensive SMEs may instead claim under Enhanced R&D Intensive Support (ERIS).
Merged RDEC for most companies: claim a taxable credit of 20% of qualifying R&D expenditure. For a company paying corporation tax at 25%, that is typically worth an effective 15% net benefit.
ERIS for qualifying loss-making R&D-intensive SMEs: claim an additional 86% deduction and, where eligible, a payable tax credit of 14.5% of the surrenderable loss.
Corporation tax benefit: R&D relief can reduce your corporation tax cost, and in some cases produce a payable credit, depending on which regime applies and whether the company is profit-making or loss-making.
Amended returns: if you are still within the statutory amendment and claim windows, relief may be obtained by amending the company tax return for the relevant accounting period R&D tax relief administration, interaction with other reliefs and anti-avoidance.
Future value from losses: under ERIS, if a payable credit is not claimed, the enhanced deduction may instead increase losses available for future use, subject to the normal corporation tax rules Research and development SME tax reliefs.
Most companies now claim under the merged RDEC regime, which gives a 20% taxable credit on qualifying R&D spend. For companies paying corporation tax at 25%, that is typically worth a 15% net benefit. If your company is a loss-making R&D-intensive SME, you may instead qualify for ERIS, which can provide an additional 86% deduction and a 14.5% payable credit on surrenderable losses.
Depending on your business’s circumstances, you could benefit from:
- Corporation Tax Savings: ERIS gives an SME that is loss-making, R&D-intensive, and not an ineligible company an additional 86% deduction for qualifying R&D expenditure, so the total deduction is 186% of that expenditure D1.419 Alternative regime for loss-making R&D-intensive SMEs from April 2024. If the company has taxable profits against which that enhanced deduction has value, that produces a corporation tax saving in the ordinary way.
That said, ERIS is framed for companies that make a loss in the trade in the period; where the company is loss-making, the practical value often comes from the payable credit rather than an immediate corporation tax reduction. - Profit-making company: deduction reduces taxable profits; loss-making qualifying ERIS claimant: deduction increases the trading loss, which may then support a surrenderable loss and a 14.5% credit
- Cash Rebate: Claim a repayment of corporation tax already paid by submitting an amended return.
- Loss Relief: ERIS works by increasing the trading loss through the additional deduction, and the company may then claim an R&D tax credit by surrendering the relevant loss amount. If it claims the credit, the company’s carried-forward trading loss is correspondingly reduced.
- Cash Credit: If your company is loss-making, convert your enhanced R&D losses into a cash payment from HMRC.
Maximise your innovation investment—use our R&D tax calculator today to discover your potential tax relief and cash benefits.
This calculator gives an estimate of the R&D tax relief you may be eligible for.
The table below outlines the potential benefit under the two schemes before and after 1st April 2023.
We recommend contacting our team to discuss the results before making any decisions.
| Merged Scheme - RDECPeriods from 01/04/24 | ERIS for SMEsPeriods from 01/04/24 | |
|---|---|---|
| Profitable company | Headline rate 20% = post tax rate 14.7% - 16.2%* | Not applicable |
| Loss making company | 16.2% subsidy | Not applicable |
| Loss making R&D Intensive | Not applicable | Costs + 86% uplift = Up to 27% cash credit |
Large Companies
Companies which do not meet the SME criteria are classified as ‘Large’ and can claim under the Research and Development Expenditure Credit (‘RDEC’). The exact rate of cash benefit available depends on the period for which a claim is being made, due to changes in the prevailing corporation tax rate. The maximum rate is currently 13% (qualifying expenditure incurred after 1 April 2020).
Discover how our Innovation Tax Reliefs services cover everything from eligibility checks to claim submission. Take a closer look.
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